March 25, 2025 - 7:00pm

It sounds so simple that you wonder if there’s something you’ve misunderstood. In order to “doggedly protect the female category”, World Athletics President Sebastian Coe has announced that his organisation will become the first to introduce cheek swabs or dry blood tests to verify an athlete’s biological sex. These are non-invasive tests that do not discriminate on the basis of appearance or identity, merely on the basis of sex. Why did no one think of this before?

The answer, of course, is that sporting institutions have been far too busy tying themselves in knots over sex and gender. Desperate to showcase their inclusive credentials, many have spent the past decade seeking to compromise on an issue where there is no wiggle room. The female sporting category exists for female people. It is neither kind nor nuanced to suggest that women and girls sacrifice their own safety, privacy and prizes for males who already have a category of their own.

Everyone knows this, or at least they used to. But misunderstandings about differences of sexual development, plus the trans activists’ insistence that trans women must be treated as women at all times, have created the false impression that things are far more complicated than they really are.

In recent years, simply stating the truth has come to be viewed as unsophisticated, if not bigoted. Even if few would dare to claim bodies do not matter at all, the “balanced” response to male demands to compete in female categories has been to call for more research. Some have also suggested that we are dealing with troublesome cases of “competing rights”.

This false impression of complexity has been made worse by the “nuanced” — that is, incoherent — positions of various sporting bodies. One assumption, embraced by the England and Wales Cricket Board, is that fairness matters at an elite level, whereas inclusion, understood in strictly male-centric terms, is more important further down the ranks. Parkrun justifies allowing males to run while registered as female on the basis that “it is a running event and not a race, has no prizes and hardly any competitive apparatus at all”.

In organisations such as the IOC, years of institutional dithering over whether testosterone levels matter, and if so, how much, have made it appear as though the reason for a female category were highly mysterious, as opposed to glaringly obvious. An equivalent situation for male people might be if fertility specialists responded to men’s inability to get pregnant by scratching their heads over whether the penis was really that different from the vagina. It has been gaslighting in the extreme to witness so many supposed experts feign ignorance as to whether female bodies are really all that different to male ones.

Thus, while IOC President-Elect Kirsty Coventry’s promise to “protect the female category and female athletes” is somewhat reassuring, her pledge to “create a task force that will look at the transgender issue” is less so. What is there to “look at”? The IOC’s continued denialism and obfuscation regarding last summer’s boxing controversy (where the issue was not transgender athletes, but those with suspected Disorders of Sex Development) indicates nothing if not an ability to ignore the differences that matter most.

We can hope, nonetheless, that the example set by World Athletics will now put other institutions on the spot. A simple, straightforward cheek swab demolishes assertions that maintaining a female-only sporting category involves “traumatic and age-inappropriate medical exams” or that it is “really” about imposing gender norms. A cheek swab can’t tell how feminine you are; it merely identifies whether or not you are female, and by doing so, it allows female athletes to compete on the same terms male athletes do.

It never had to be harder than this. Other organisations have no excuse not to follow suit.


Victoria Smith is a writer and creator of the Glosswitch newsletter.

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