January 27, 2025 - 11:45am

Is America slowly pulling out of its Ukrainian commitments? On Friday, a leaked cable indicated that the world’s richest nation is halting work on almost all its foreign aid programmes as part of a 90-day funding freeze, with new commitments also being paused.

Despite that, Volodymyr Zelensky looked relieved at the weekend. On Saturday, the Ukrainian President told reporters that US military aid to his country had not stopped, and one of his officials confirmed that American supplies of weaponry remain “intact”. This would seem, on the face of it, to be positive for Ukraine. Kyiv does, after all, rely on the US for 40% of its military aid and Zelensky has himself admitted that his country would lose the war if the Americans were to slash funding. Moreover, senior US diplomats are reportedly pushing for all Ukraine-related programmes to be exempted, with Washington sending back “positive signals”.

However, this episode holds worrying implications for US-Ukraine relations under the new Trump administration. While military aid to Kyiv is protected, Zelensky did not clarify whether humanitarian assistance is safe. Rather, USAID sources said last week that work on humanitarian programmes in Ukraine has been halted, with support for education projects, emergency maternal care and childhood vaccinations all frozen. Meanwhile, a service offering veterans financial, legal and psychological help has already shut. The initial request by US diplomats for all Ukrainian programmes to be exempted did not meet with immediate success and, until those lobbying efforts garner results, Kyiv is forced to manage the fallout. NGO staff are already warning that Ukrainian schools, hospitals, energy infrastructure and economic programmes will be at risk unless US Secretary of State Marco Rubio issues a waiver.

None of this augurs well for the prospects of US military support. While the order may have been sweeping, Rubio still took the time to expressly carve out exceptions for military aid to Israel and Egypt. Even though Ukraine would have undoubtedly enjoyed an incontrovertible affirmation of continued US allegiance and support, Rubio chose not to provide one. Note that it is Zelensky who is now providing public reassurance that battlefield supplies are safe, not the White House.

Kyiv will be reflecting fretfully upon the fact that, if America is willing to pause humanitarian assistance, it may well do the same with military aid. There are also some worrying clues here about how the Trump administration functions. The flurry of memos between Washington and its diplomats suggests they were not consulted in advance, with the order instead being issued hurriedly and without due diligence regarding the potential consequences. Speed was clearly of the essence, with US officials in Ukraine even left uninformed on how to fulfil their capital’s orders and whether exceptions might be possible.

The question, then, is what the White House strategy here is. On the one hand, Trump’s reluctance to publicly reaffirm that it will maintain military aid to Ukraine, as it did with Israel and Egypt, could be seen as a gift to Russia as Moscow seeks to push forward on the battlefield. However, the US President has also taken a hawkish line on Vladimir Putin, whom he accuses of “destroying” Russia, and has threatened to slap tariffs on Moscow. Until — or if — a deal is reached, that unpredictability will either be seen as a virtue or a curse depending on Ukraine’s fate.


Bethany Elliott is a writer specialising in Russia and Eastern Europe.

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