“We have educated ourselves to understand this is a problem of addiction,” said Phil Plummer, Dayton’s police chief. “I’ve changed my attitude. I was very hardcore – thinking you could arrest people but you just see the same people again and again.” Yet this was no liberal. The sheriff is a committed Republican and determined to catch dealers, although he admitted even major drug seizures make little impact on the market. This symbolises how there is a dawning realisation that the war on drugs, declared 46 years ago, has failed. That realisation is greatest among those fighting on the frontline.
There should be prevention and treatment, not punishment – as some countries have already realised. But as Washington debates spending cuts and healthcare reform, overloaded services in the worst-hit states struggle to cope. Not just in obvious public services such as fire, police and hospitals. Foster services are overwhelmed with orphans and children who have been removed from drug-using parents. There is talk that schools may be seeing a rise in behavioural and developmental problems caused by babies who are born already hooked on drugs through their mother’s use of opioids. And firms struggle to find workers who can pass drug tests.
Plummer also spoke movingly about the crisis erupting in his home town that used to have a giant car plant but was now filled with people struggling to get jobs and to keep their heads above water. They end up self-medicating. Many have mental health issues that go untreated. Others share his view that this crisis is symptom of despair and alienation in much of Middle America. This disgruntled mood led Montgomery County, which includes Dayton, to switch from supporting Democratic presidential candidates for almost three decades to back the insurgent Republican Trump.
The roots of America’s deadly epidemic lie with firms that pushed highly-addictive opioids as pain relief to millions of people who did not need such strong medicine. Industrial promotion of drugs helps explain why the US is suffering more than other advanced nations with better-regulated health systems.
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Yet this addiction ripping apart communities should also ring alarm bells over more acceptable forms of capitalism. Big Pharma often gets a bad rap despite the impact of its innovations on life expectancy and on crippling health conditions. But there is no doubt the roots of this deadly epidemic lie with firms that pushed highly-addictive opioids as pain relief to millions of people who did not need such strong medicine. Industrial promotion of drugs helps explain why the US is suffering more than other advanced nations with better-regulated health systems. In Ohio, a bellwether state in US elections, almost 800 million doses were doled out in 2012 – enough to give 68 pills to every single person in the state. Now it leads the nation in overdose deaths.
This was capitalism at its least ethical. Many of the drugs, often dispersed by dodgy doctors in ‘pill mills’, ended up on the streets. Those desperate addicts may have begun taking prescribed opioids as a high-school kid as relief from a sports injury, as a dad with a bad back or a mum hurt at work. They then switched to heroin once hooked, because legal supplies dried up or prices soared above street-traded alternatives. Mike DeWine, Ohio’s attorney general, told me of seeing one doctor being busted who had “no nurse, no receptionist, just him sitting at a table with a prescription pad”. This man had churned out 43 prescriptions by 11.15am at $200 a time.
The tobacco industry lacks any morality, given the deadly nature of their products. Turning a blind eye to wasted lives and corroded communities while raking in huge profits from heavily-promoted products does not make the pharmaceuticals industry look much better, however. Drug firms deserve to lose looming court battles brought by state politicians who’ve witnessed the human wreckage associated with addiction that is scattered across America.
Today gangsters on urban street corners chant names of prescription opioids while also flogging heroin and fentanyl. And in the ten minutes you might have spent reading this article, one more American citizen has died in a tidal wave of tragic despair.
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