January 27, 2025 - 7:15pm

Amid his recent flurry of domestic executive orders, Donald Trump has also weighed in on the Israel-Palestine conflict by proposing to “clean out” Gaza, with its Palestinian population to be resettled in Egypt and Jordan.

At first glance, this looks to be a non-starter, given the opposition of the Palestinians themselves, the Egyptians, the Jordanians, and pretty much everyone else in the region. It also contrasts with the situation on the ground, where displaced Palestinians are now returning en masse to their homes in the north of the Strip — a blow to the Israeli extremists who want to recolonise the area.

It’s also the case that Trump’s foreign policy is capricious. At one point during his first presidency, he looked set to go to war with Iran, with Tehran hawk John Bolton installed as his national security advisor. But Bolton lasted only 16 months before he was cast out, the subject of jokes from Trump that he wanted to nuke as many countries as possible.

Yet if Trump’s foreign policy during his first term was inconsistent, there have always been some constants. Firstly, he has no time for the “grown-ups in the room” orthodoxy which laments that some situations are just intractably complicated and that threats of force are unnecessary in global politics. With only four years in office, he may consider it time to go for the nuclear option of removing the Palestinians from the West Bank and Gaza and setting up a greater Israel from the River to the Sea, as a way of finally “solving” the problem of the Middle East. That he has also appointed and promoted committed Zionists such as his son-in-law and advisor on the Middle East Jared Kushner, his new ambassador to the United Nations Elise Stefanik, and his incoming ambassador to Israel Mike Huckabee, suggests this approach is likely.

Trump is also consistently transactional, with his career to date — from New York real estate to national politics — teaching him that, ultimately, everyone can be bought. This is what led him to the Abraham Accords of 2020, which brought the normalisation of relations between Israel, the UAE, Bahrain and other countries in the region. In his view, Egypt and Jordan, along with the Saudis and the Arab world, have their price too.

So there is a good chance that Trump’s comments about “cleaning out” Gaza are not just a case of thinking out loud, nor a deliberately provocative statement to be denied later, but instead the opening salvo in a new policy. If this is the case, then the ructions which have convulsed the Middle East in the past few years might later be seen as the calm before the storm. Though Israel could, with tremendous bloodshed, drive Palestinians into Egypt and Jordan, it cannot force those governments to accept them.

Trump might believe that he can persuade the Arab nations with trade deals, investment, and defence pacts. Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman has already tried to ingratiate himself with Trump, promising to invest $600 billion in the US over the next four years. If Arab leaders feel they can appropriately distance themselves from the policy — positioning themselves as reluctantly accepting and rehoming the Palestinians expelled by Israel — so as not to suffer too much domestic blowback, then maybe they might tacitly accede.

This is hard to envisage, as is Trump finding enough leverage with the Arab nations to push it through. Given that Palestinian opinion, from the leaderships of Fatah and Hamas down to street-level, is fundamentally opposed to resettlement, it would not involve a peaceful process but instead tremendous violence on behalf of the Israeli military forces and settler populations in the West Bank. If we’ve learnt anything in the past eight years, though, it’s that Trump is able to pull off unexpected victories.


David Swift is a historian and author. His next book, Scouse Republic, is available to pre-order now.

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