February 8, 2025 - 1:30pm

Is Keir Starmer capable of thinking outside the box? Excerpts from a new book by Patrick Maguire and Gabriel Pogrund, Get In: The Inside Story of Labour Under Starmer, report that the Prime Minister’s own chief of staff Morgan McSweeney dismissed his boss as “an HR manager, not a leader”.

Many assumed that because he had led a major government agency, the Crown Prosecution Service, Starmer would be better equipped than most British prime ministers to run the Government. In the last general election, he was criticised by the Tories for being more of a “lawyer than a leader”, but McSweeney’s HR manager description is more appropriate. A good lawyer can run through different sets of arguments, weighing up their pros and cons.

Tony Blair, our most recent barrister PM before Starmer, was the master of this. A Labour MP who opposed the Iraq War told me that Blair repeatedly invited her to his office to debate the case for war. She eventually realised that he was using her to refine his arguments for war, not because he wanted to be persuaded or even to persuade her. She stopped going after that. Blair could think outside the box. He challenged his party over certain sacred cows and could make a persuasive case for why he was right, both philosophically and electorally. He was able to do “the vision thing”, as George H.W. Bush once put it.

Starmer, in contrast, cannot do “the vision thing”. His approach to leadership is more akin to Civil Service management. Let someone else set the political direction and then follow the rules as best as possible. This is not inconsistent with a prime minister who works hard, nor is it to suggest that Starmer is unintelligent. But it is not proper political leadership, and it will be his undoing.

One of the clearest examples of his inability to think radically pertains to our post-Brexit political economy. The Labour government has rightly concluded that there must be no question of rejoining the European Union, but that’s where the thinking stops. Part of the problem is that Labour politicians, including Starmer, have tended to see Brexit as a problem to be managed rather than a set of new opportunities.

This explains his latest overtures to the European Union. He knows that rejoining the Single Market and Customs Union is not possible, but he feels that the only “good” public policy option is to try to obtain as many of those benefits as possible. Various liberal commentators urge Starmer to go further in trading away British sovereignty for greater EU market integration. This would be a mistake, but one which Starmer is likely to make.

Labour has never taken Brexit seriously, and the Prime Minister’s period as Shadow Brexit Secretary was a missed opportunity for the party to formulate an alternative vision of Britain outside the EU to the Conservatives.

The irony of Brexit is that the policy tools which the UK Government gained from it are better suited to a Left-wing than a Right-wing government. Yet it is the Right which wants to “make a success of Brexit” with tools that are distinctly Left-wing — more centralised control of the economy and industry — while the Left wants to kill Brexit by embracing neoliberal assumptions about global capitalism.

It’s time for Whitehall to start picking winners and losers again. If a part of the country is economically depressed, provide grants and tax abatements for firms to relocate there. If an economically or socially valuable employer is closing or relocating, consider taking them into public ownership. Require the public sector to buy British; make Government grants conditional on buying British services and manufactures. Consider erecting tariffs to protect socially useful industries. Reduce immigration to drive up wages and workplace standards.

There will be many “experts” steeped in the neoliberal orthodoxies of the past 50 years who will warn against these policies, claiming they are too risky and untested. But, it’s time for Labour to tear up the old rule book. A different game is already being played — it’s time our Prime Minister noticed.


Richard Johnson is a Senior Lecturer in Politics at Queen Mary University of London.

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