Just because your kid’s on his phone doesn’t mean he isn’t praying

It’s tempting to interpret the data to mean that younger generations are replacing religious practice with social media, but that understanding assumes the two activities are in competition. “There is a lot of information on social media in terms of ‘guidance’ which might be more accessible than an imam’, says Coventry University sociologist Dr Serena Hussain, arguing that social media can be a mode of accessing religious teaching. “There are some trusted scholars online who are very mainstream, and that makes it easy to get guidance without having to disclose that you’re having a particular problem.”

Catholic Home Mission Officer Teresa Carvalho confirms the privacy point:

“Online, you can choose what people see and know about you, but if you’re praying, whoever you’re praying to, there’s probably a sense that they know more about you than you’re telling them.”

Social media isn’t a direct replacement for devotions but, for people who’ve been around online technology all of their lives, it’s a new way to do old things – connect with like-minded people, seek guidance – with the added bonus of being able to control what people know about you.

And religious organisations have been quick to harness the power of having an online presence. Apps can now help you read the Bible in a year, find a women-friendly mosque, or date a Jew. Back in 2008, Durham Cathedral would ask people to leave if they were fiddling with their phones during services. Now, their nearby university is a world-leading research centre in digital theology.

But young adults who are pursuing a formal religion – whether online or in their local community – are in the minority. The most recent British Social Attitudes data shows that 71% of 18-24 year olds identify as practicing No Religion, which Humanists UK interpret as a compelling indication of religion’s lack of appeal.

Millennials seem to be far less likely to be nominally religious than previous generations, opting not to tick a box on a survey to affiliate with a religious identity out of habit or heritage in the same way people might previously have identified as Church of England or Church of Scotland. It’s common for ComRes qualitative research participants to say something like: I don’t know what I am really. I was brought up Catholic but don’t really bother with it now. Put me down as None. They appear to be reluctant to identify with a religion out of a sense of duty.

But perhaps this suggests that, these days, people who do identify with a religion often have a reason for doing so. Perhaps this will lead to a smaller but more devout religious population in years to come.

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Katie leads Faith Research Centre at ComRes, helping public, private, non-profit, academic and media clients to gather data and insights about religion and belief, and worships at Riverside Vineyard Church.

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